by Betty J. Carmack, R.N., Ed.D.; Professor, School of Nursing, University of San Francisco.

The loss of a much loved companion animal can be especially difficult for older adults, who experience the tremendous benefits of companion animals as well as the profound grief responses to a pet's death. These responses can be affected by issues that are unique to elders. Often, they have already experienced multiple other losses such as the deaths of spouses, relatives, neighbors and longtime friends. Frequently, the elderly experience chronic illnesses or pain which decrease their mobility, socialization and participation in customary activities. Busy lives, geographical separations, and the inability to travel can prevent meetings with nuclear and extended family members. All this contributes to a sense of aloneness that can isolate older adults.

For many elders the relationships that they have with their companion animals are their most important & #151; companions to talk with, to care for, to sleep with, to get up for each day-that provide continued unconditional love. These pets are their families and best friends. Losing a pet means losing this companionship and the feeling of being needed. The absence of a beloved animal can be overwhelming.

During this painful time of grieving, older adults might consider the following as ways to honor the loved animals: preparation of a tribute such as a scrapbook of the animals life, writing stories of shared experiences with the pet, creating and carrying out a ritual, making a contribution to an animal organization in memory of the pet, fostering an animal who needs temporary care, and/or attending pet loss support group. Additionally, they often benefit from seeking out others who are compassionate, sensitive and supportive to this very real and painful loss. Such support can be critical to the person's recovery from such a significant loss.